HUMAN GENETIC DIVERSITY

Original source query: pleasanton.k12.ca.us/avhsweb/thiel/bio/labs/genetic_wheel.html

The Genetic Wheel

With 23 pairs of chromosomes there are 223 different chromosomal outcomes in every sperm and every egg that is formed. This is not even considering the recombination that would occur during crossing over during Prophase I of meiosis. This means that there are a minimum 8,388,608 possible genetic combinations that are possible in any egg or sperm.  Could you explain at least four of the following concerns.

1- If a man and woman were to produce a child, what would be the minimum number of different genetic combinations possible in that offspring.

2- If crossing over were considered as well, how many different genetic combinations may be possible for any given offspring?

In an effort to reveal genetic diversity in humans we will look at just 7 of the more than 80,000 estimated human traits.

3- Assuming that these traits are not linked and no crossing over occurs, how many different possible genetic combinations could there be for any given offspring?

4- Taking the knowledge you have acquired regarding human genetic diversity, what do you think would be the probability of your genetic twin being enrolled at Amador Valley High at the same time as you?

5- With 6 billion humans now occupying mother earth, offer evidence that would suggest it is highly unlikely that a genetically identical (non brother or sister) twin for you exits on this planet?

6- How many students ended up with the same genetic combinations of the seven traits as you?

7- Explain why the results of this activity offer evidence to suggest that a genetic twin for you may or may not exist.

8- Consulting  the Web's articles and offer an explanation why in some regions of the world there may be less genetic diversity than in other parts of the world.

9- Offer an explanation why the USA has comparatively rather high degree of genetic diversity.

10- Formulate a hypothesis why there may be greater genetic diversity seen in chimpanzees than what exists in modern humans.

11- How might you test your hypothesis?

Trait	Phenotype	Genotype
1. Hair color	brown, black, or red hair	LL or Ll
	blond hair	ll
2. Taste PTC	Taster	TT or Tt
	Non-Taster	tt
3. Tongue curling	can curl tongue	CC or Cc
	cannot curl tongue	cc
4. Mid-digital hair	hair present, middle digit of finger	MM or Mm
	hair absent, middle digit of finger	mm
5. Pigmented iris	eyes not blue	EE or Ee
	blue eyes	ee
6. Widow's peak	peak in center of hairline	WW or Ww
	no peak in center of hairline	ww
7. Bent finger	little finger curves toward others	BB or Bb
	little finger straight	bb

Taller complementario

1.-  Para las características 1,3  y 5  Obtener las frecuencias de fenotipo y genotipo para:

Heterocigoto a la primera, homocigoto dominante a la segunda y heterocigoto a la tercera POR Heterocigoto a la primera, homocigoto recesivo a la segunda y heterocigoto a la tercera

 

 2.-  Lorena, tiene una gran sensibilidad para detectar diferentes sabores, al igual que Raquel su madre. En cambio Juan el padre de Lorena apenas es capaz de percibir los cinco sabores básicos. Cuál será el genotipo de Lorena y de sus Padres?   Cuáles son los cinco sabores que percibe Juan?

3.- Juan tiene vellosidades en las 1° y 2° falange sus dedos, no así su esposa.   Lorena la hija, también tiene esta característica;  Cuál es el genotipo de cada uno de los integrantes de esta familia.  Si se tiene en cuenta esta y la anterior característica en la familia, cuál será la probabilidad que los hermanos de Lorena No tengan buena capacidad para percibir sabores y sus dedos no tengan vellosidades.

4.- observa la siguiente imagen

En el abuelo, la madre y el niño se observa (no obstante con alguna exageración), la característica pico de gallo (Widow's peak), en sus cabello. Si se asume que la chica rubia es hija de los Monster German (el padre) y Lily  (la madre). Y que en esta chica no se observa la característica: Widow's peak, Cuál será el posible fenotipo de cada uno de los integrantes de esta particular familia.

5.- Con base a los siete rasgos de la tabla, realiza entre los integrantes de tu familia, la siguiente información, como se muestra en el siguiente ejemplo; incluye las filas que veas conveniente de acuerdo al número de integrantes la familia: papá, mamá e hijos. Recoge la información para cada rasgo.

Rasgo No 1: Cabello de tonalidad oscura

	Fenotipo		genotipo
	Dominante	Recesivo	Homocigoto Dominante	Heterocigoto	Homocigoto recesivo
Papá
Mamá
Hij@ mayor
Hijo # 2
Etc.	|